By American Petroleum Institute
Read or Download API STD 521 Guide for Pressure-relieving and Depressuring Systems Petroleum petrochemical and natural gas industries—Pressurerelieving and depressuring systems PDF
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Additional resources for API STD 521 Guide for Pressure-relieving and Depressuring Systems Petroleum petrochemical and natural gas industries—Pressurerelieving and depressuring systems
Sample text
Hence, as a minimum, the wetted surface area of the entire bottom hemisphere shall be used even when the sphere “equator” exceeds 7,6 m (25 ft) in height. The criterion is supported by previous incidents and tests that have shown that pool fire flames can follow the underside profile of spheres resulting in the entire bottom hemisphere being exposed to a high fire-heat load. --``````,`,,,`,`,,,,,,```,`` Copyright American Petroleum Institute Provided by IHS under license with API No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Licensee=US mvd from 2458000/5940240030 Not for Resale, 06/17/2009 13:11:36 MDT Pressure-relieving and Depressuring Systems 37 Table 5 — Effects of fire on the wetted surfaces of a vessel Portion of liquid inventory Remarks Liquid-full, such as treaters All up to the height of 7,6 m (25 ft).
Usually, when the liquid is let down from the high-pressure vessel into the low-pressure system, only the flashing effect is of concern in the event that the low-pressure system has a closed outlet. However, the designer should also consider that vapours flow into the low-pressure system if loss of liquid level occurs in the vessel at higher pressure. In this case, if the volume of the source of incoming vapours is large compared with the volume of the low-pressure system or if the source of vapour is unlimited, serious overpressure can rapidly develop.
If the above criteria cannot be met for a piping system, then the following factors should be evaluated for the fluid and the piping system, when determining if a thermal-relief valve is warranted to protect the system: a) length and size of the piping system: The quantity of fluid that can be released is dependent on the length and size of the piping system. b) hazardous and flammable nature of the fluid: For a hazardous or highly flammable fluid, even a small amount of leakage might not be allowable.