US Marines in Battle: Al-Khafji by Paul W Westermeyer

By Paul W Westermeyer

In August 1990, Iraqi army forces invaded the neighboring country of Kuwait. The invasion used to be a part of an expansionist overseas coverage that President Saddam Hussein verified a decade previous while he invaded post-revolution Iran. The Iraqi invasion of Iran failed, degenerating right into a decade lengthy struggle of attrition, yet Kuwait was once a better aim. Kuwait had financed the Iraq-Iran warfare for Iraq, yet refused to forgive the debt, and Iraq accused Kuwait of stealing oil from the Rumalia Oil box. a lot smaller than Iran when it comes to inhabitants and geography, Kuwait had targeted its overseas and safeguard regulations on negotiation and compromise instead of army strength; unavoidably, the big Iraqi military quick beaten the small Kuwaiti defense force. inside of Kuwait, Iraqi troops begun wholesale pillaging as safety forces moved to take away all these dependable to the Kuwaiti royal kinfolk. Iraq declared that Kuwait was once now a province, hence doing away with its debt and including large oil fields to its personal. Saddam stationed conscript infantry divisions in Kuwait and started development large defenses alongside the Kuwaiti-Saudi border. whereas Saddam calculated the army stability among Iraq and Kuwait properly, he underestimated the willingness of the area group, particularly the USA and nice Britain, to interfere on Kuwait’s behalf. His invasion set the degree for an army war of words that was once higher in scope than any related condition because the chilly warfare. less than President George H.W. Bush, the U.S. assembled a world coalition of involved international locations, first to safeguard Saudi Arabia opposed to additional Iraqi aggression, after which to eject the Iraqi army from Kuwait. Early during this “Gulf warfare” American army commanders unique the operation to guard Saudi Arabia “Desert Shield,” and the successive operation to loose Kuwait “Desert Storm.” those army operations have been huge undertakings, and so they highlighted the paradigm shift from superpowers in precarious equilibrium throughout the chilly warfare to American international hegemony within the Nineties.

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Extra resources for US Marines in Battle: Al-Khafji

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Ey cleared the city of remaining Iraqi troops, although solitary holdouts would appear to surrender over the next few days, and established a defensive position north of the city. 185 Considerations Every battle has losses. During the Battle of al-Khai, 25 Americans lost their lives, 11 Marines and 14 airmen. ree Marines were wounded and two soldiers captured by the enemy. One LAV-25, one LAV-AT, and one AC-130 gunship were destroyed. e Saudis and Qataris suffered 18 killed and 50 wounded. Ten armored cars and two tanks were destroyed.

1st ANGLICO commander, went to the 3d Marines combat operations center and fixed the fire support coordination problem, which led to the order that all fire missions be approved by the air-naval gunfire teams. 177 Meanwhile, the 7th Battalion, 2d Saudi Arabian National Guard Brigade, was preparing another attempt to storm al- Khai and relieve the reconnaissance teams. is time, the attack was more carefully prepared, with artillery support from both Saudi and Marine artillery units and extensive Marine close air support coordinated by the teams working alongside the Saudi Arabian National Guard units.

28 LtCol D. P. Hughes, “Battle for Khafji: 29Jan/1 Feb 1991,” Defense Quarterly, pp. ” 29 BGen Thomas V. Draude intvw with author and Dr. Fred Allison, 21Jun06 (MCHC, Quantico, VA). 30 Col John A. Admire intvw, CD 10234 (Grey Research Center, Quantico, VA), hereafter Admire intvw. 31 Molofsky intvw, 30Jun06, 16Aug06; Braden, “Khafji,” p. 8 32 Molofsky intvw, 16Aug06. 33 Braden, “Khafji,” pp. 8-9. , pp. 6-7. 35 Titus, “Khafji,” p. 9; Gordon and Trainor, Generals’ War, pp. 268-269. 36 Molofsky intvw, 16Aug06.

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