By Wilfred C. G. Peh
The perform of diagnostic radiology has develop into more and more complicated, with using various imaging modalities and department into many subspecialty components. it's turning into ever tougher for subspecialist radiologists, basic radiologists, and citizens to take care of with the advances which are happening yr on 12 months, and this is often quite actual for much less general issues. Failure to understand imaging pitfalls frequently results in diagnostic errors and misinterpretation, and capability medicolegal difficulties. This textbook, written by way of specialists from respected facilities internationally, systematically and comprehensively highlights the pitfalls that could ensue in diagnostic radiology. either pitfalls particular to varied modalities and strategies and people particular to specific organ structures are defined with the aid of various top of the range illustrations. attractiveness of those pitfalls is important in assisting the practising radiologist to accomplish a extra exact diagnosis.
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Extra info for Pitfalls in Diagnostic Radiology
Sample text
Before delving into pitfalls in MRI, it may be pertinent to remind ourselves of the fundamental limitation of MRI which is the inherently low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). This is because, unlike computed tomography or positron emission tomography where every photon counts, only a small fraction of the entire spin population contributes to the signal intensity of MR images; the rest constitutes noise. 1). Physiological motion is known to produce artifacts in MR imaging. An example would be periodic movements from blood vessel pulsation.
This phenomenon tends to occur at sharp edges and with small structures and manifests as fine bands. A particular form of aliasing that can occur with helical CT is the windmill artifact, in which there are multiple radially oriented alternating light and dark bands (Fig. 6). The windmill effect is exacerbated by the use of higher pitch. However, this artifact is usually not problematic unless fine detail is desired. The use of high-resolution techniques can minimize aliasing artifacts. 1 Suboptimal Contrast Bolus Timing Contrast enhancement in CT is affected by several factors, including patient, contrast agent, and CT scanning.
L. Chan 54 a Fig. 2. Note the stark difference in tissue contrast despite using Fig. 17 True FISP cardiac cine MR image extracted from a time series. 3 View Sharing The purpose of “view sharing” is for the use of time-resolved acquisitions in contrast-enhanced MR angiography or in dynamic c ontrast-enhanced b identical TR/TE parameters. There is heavier T1 weighting in FLASH from elimination of the transverse magnetization versus heavier T2 weighting in FISP from preservation of the transverse magnetization MRI (Song et al.