By U. Joseph Schoepf, Felix G. Meinel
Since the 1st variation of this ebook was once released in 2004, computed tomography has noticeable groundbreaking technical strategies that experience reworked the sphere of thoracic imaging and opened novel chances for the detection of thoracic pathologies. This e-book highlights state of the art thoracic purposes of CT imaging within the context of those technical concepts and discusses the most recent possibilities, with serious appraisal of demanding situations and controversies. All themes are lined through well known foreign specialists. Chapters from the unique version were completely up to date to mirror the state-of-the-art in know-how and clinical proof, and new contributions incorporated on fresh advancements reminiscent of dual-energy CT and CT imaging in sufferers with acute chest discomfort. The e-book is amply illustrated with top of the range photographs and illustrations.
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Extra resources for Multidetector-Row CT of the Thorax
Example text
Meyer et al. (2014) observed that coronary CTA with a third-generation DSCT at 70 kV resulted in up to 52 % lower radiation dose as well as up to 45 % less contrast medium volume in nonobese adults (see Fig. 14 as an example). G. Flohr and B. Schmidt 16 Fig. 14 Coronary CTA in an adult patient at 70 kV. ECGtriggered high-pitch scan at 64 bpm. 2 Spectral Shaping In CT examinations of the lung without contrast agent, spectral shaping may be used to significantly reduce the radiation dose to the patient.
Flohr and B. Schmidt 20 80 kV/140 kV rel. 6 mm rel. intensity rel. 01 0 0 0 50 100 150 200 Energy / keV 0 50 100 150 200 Energy / keV Fig. 18 Top: Standard 80 and 140 kV spectra. The mean energy is 69 keV for the 140 kV spectrum and 52 keV for the 80 kV spectrum. Both spectra overlap significantly (indicated in yellow). 4 mm tin pre- filtration. Note the shift of the 140 kV spectrum to higher energies. The mean energy is now 89 keV. 6 mm tin pre-filtration. , water (soft tissue) and iodine. The concentrations of both materials in each image pixel are calculated by means of an image-based material decomposition.
22 Visualization of perfusion defects in the lung parenchyma caused by pulmonary embolism. 28 s. Left: Mixed low-kV/high-kV axial image corresponding to a standard 120 kV image shows small embolus that occludes a sub-segmental vessel in the right lower lobe (arrow). Right: DE iodine map of the lung parenchyma as a colored overlay (red) shows the corresponding typical wedge-shaped perfusion defect (dark zone, arrow) (Courtesy of Klinikum Großhadern, Munich, Germany) References Achenbach S, Marwan M, Schepis T, Pflederer T, Bruder H, Allmendinger T, Petersilka M, Anders K, Lell M, Kuettner A, Ropers D, Daniel WG, Flohr T (2009) High-pitch spiral acquisition: a new scan mode for coronary CT angiography.