By James G. Speight
As conventional-oil assets are depleted around the world, substantial heavy oil reserves on hand in a variety of elements of the area turn into more and more vital as a safe destiny power resource. short yet readable, Heavy Oil construction methods discusses the newest advancements in creation tactics together with; thermal tools (steam floods, cyclic steam stimulation, SAGD) in addition to non-thermal equipment (cold circulation with sand creation, cyclic solvent method, VAPEX). The ebook starts off with an summary of the chemistry, engineering, and know-how of heavy oil as they evolve into the twenty-first century. The previous chapters are written to supply a uncomplicated knowing of every know-how, evolving approaches and new procedures in addition to some of the environmental regulations.
Clear and rigorous,
Heavy Oil creation techniques will end up priceless for these scientists and engineers already engaged in fossil gas technology and expertise in addition to scientists, non-scientists, engineers, and non-engineers who desire to achieve a common assessment or replace of the technological know-how and expertise of fossil fuels. The not in simple terms does the booklet talk about the production procedures but additionally presents equipment which should still lessen environmental footprint and increase profitability.
- Overview of the chemistry, engineering, and expertise of oil sands
- Updates at the evolving techniques and new processes
- Evolving and new environmental laws concerning oil sands creation
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Extra resources for Heavy Oil Production Processes
Sample text
13. Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK. , 2003. Heavy Oil and Natural Bitumen—Strategic Petroleum Resources. Fact Sheet 70-03. S. html/.. , 2004. Natural Bitumen and Extra Heavy Oil. World Energy Council 2004 Survey of Energy Resources. Elsevier, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (Chapter 4). , 2007. Heavy Oil and Natural Bitumen Resources in Geological Basins of the World: Open-File Report 2007-1084. S. gov/of/2007/1084/.. , 2007. The Chemistry and Technology of Petroleum, fourth ed. CRC-Taylor & Francis Group, Boca Raton, FL.
Gulf Professional Publishing, Elsevier, Oxford. USGS, 2009. An Estimate of Recoverable Heavy Oil Resources of the Orinoco Oil Belt, Venezuela. Fact Sheet No. 2009-3028. United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior, Reston, VA (October). 1 INTRODUCTION Heavy oil properties and evaluation are part of a screening process which begins with gathering as much reservoir data as possible (not the subject of this text) and as much data related to the properties of the heavy oil that are useful in developing a coherent package to compare with the screening criteria for various recovery methods.
N-Heptane is the preferred hydrocarbon with n-pentane still being used, although hexane is used on occasion (Speight, 2007, and references cited therein). Although n-pentane and n-heptane are the solvents of choice in the laboratory, other solvents are also used (Mitchell and Speight, 1973; Speight, 1979). These solvents separate the asphaltene fraction as a brown-to-black powdery material. , liquid propane, liquid butane, or mixtures of both) are the solvents of choice and the product is a semisolid (tacky) to solid asphalt.