By John J McKetta
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In essence, the heavy gasoline acted as a cloud point cutter stock and economically could not be removed. Under the current operation, LCO cloud points have been reduced enough to allow production of FCC naphtha to any desired end point, constrained only by gasoline pool distillation specifications and the economics of upgrading the relatively lowoctane, heavy FCC gasoline. At 30¢/octane-barrel, the octane improvement alone from switching catalysts translated into a revenue improvement in excess of $10,000/day.
This can be achieved by backing out from the refinery feedstock pool the amount of crude that would produce the same amount of white distillate as the atmospheric residue. The BEV calculations are illustrated by Table 4. It is interesting to compare the developments of the spot price of high sulfur residual fuel oil with the calculated BEV of atmospheric residue (Fig. 5). 36 Variable operating cost, $/ metric ton: Direct operation (87) 55 Hydrotreating 137 19 (41) 9 2 (39) Residual fuel oil sulfur, wt.
The gasoline from the cracking operation appears to offer significantly lower production costs. , atmospheric residue as an alternative to crude, and not to an intrinsically cheaper processing route. The BEV of cracked gasoline is particularly sensitive to the pool octane quality, and increases sharply at high octane values due to the need for reforming an increasing portion of the FCC gasoline prior to blending. Atmospheric Residue The evaluation of atmospheric residue, also known as straight-run residual fuel oil, has attracted much interest since the early 1980s.