By C. T. Kelley
This ebook offers a delicately chosen staff of equipment for unconstrained and certain restricted optimization difficulties and analyzes them intensive either theoretically and algorithmically. It makes a speciality of readability in algorithmic description and research instead of generality, and whereas it offers tips that could the literature for the main common theoretical effects and powerful software program, the writer thinks it truly is extra very important that readers have an entire realizing of targeted circumstances that express crucial principles. A significant other to Kelley's booklet, Iterative tools for Linear and Nonlinear Equations (SIAM, 1995), this publication includes many routines and examples and will be used as a textual content, an academic for self-study, or a reference. Iterative tools for Optimization does greater than conceal conventional gradient-based optimization: it's the first e-book to regard sampling equipment, together with the Hooke-Jeeves, implicit filtering, MDS, and Nelder-Mead schemes in a unified method.
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Extra resources for Iterative Methods For Optimization
Example text
Making the transition from steepest descent, which is a good algorithm when far from the solution, to Newton’s or some other superlinearly convergent method as the iteration moves toward the solution, is the central problem in the design of line search algorithms. The scaling problems discussed above must also be addressed, even when far from the solution. 4, the steepest descent direction for the overdetermined least squares objective M 1 1 f (x) = ri (x) 22 = R(x)T R(x) 2 i=1 2 is −∇f (x) = −R (x)T R(x).
4). , detection of a vector p for which pT Hp ≤ 0). , p is a direction of negative curvature. 7 make good use of directions of negative curvature. The initial iterate for forward difference CG iteration should be the zero vector. In this way the first iterate will give a steepest descent step, a fact that is very useful. The inputs to Algorithm fdcg are the current point x, the objective f , the forcing term η, and a limit on the number of iterations kmax. The output is the inexact Newton direction d.
We terminated the iterations when ∇f < 10−4 . Our reasons for this are that, for the zero residual problem considered here, the standard assumptions imply that f (x) = O( ∇f (x) ) for x near the solution. Hence, since we can only resolve f to an accuracy of 10−8 , iteration beyond the point where ∇f < 10−4 cannot be expected to lead to a further decrease in f . In fact we observed this in our computations. The iterations are very sensitive to the initial iterate. 05)T ; initial iterates much worse than that caused Newton’s method to fail.