By Martin Bendszus, Brigitte Storch-Hagenlocher (auth.), Stefan Hähnel (eds.)
This moment, up-to-date version of Inflammatory illnesses of the Brain offers a complete evaluate of the sphere from a neuroradiological viewpoint. on the way to determine a standardized strategy all through, every one disease-oriented bankruptcy is back subdivided into 3 valuable sections: epidemiology, medical presentation, and remedy; imaging; and differential analysis. A separate bankruptcy addresses technical and methodological matters and imaging protocols. a big concentration of the ebook is the present function of complex MR imaging suggestions, comparable to diffusion and perfusion MRI and MR spectroscopy, within the differentiation of inflammatory and different mind illnesses. all the authors are well-known specialists, and the varied fine quality and informative illustrations contain a few now not inside the first variation. This booklet may be of significant price not just to neuroradiologists but in addition to neurologists, neuropediatricians, and basic radiologists.
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Example text
3 Giant Cell (Temporal) Arteritis Giant cell arteritis results from granulomatous vessel wall infiltration of large arteries. Mainly the temporal arteries are affected (hence, the name), although occipital or other arteries may be involved additionally or alternatively. Temporal arteritis may be diagnosed by Doppler ultrasonography, which can depict both the vessel lumen and the vessel wall. 26 M. Wengenroth et al. Fig. 3 Panarteritis nodosa (PAN). A 65-year-old man with loss of vigilance and intermittent hemiparesis of the left side.
Cerebral Vasculitis The patients complain of parietal headache and visual disturbances. The temporal artery is often tender to touch. During the course of disease the temporal artery gets thicker and loses its pulse. Ptosis and diplopia, due to ischaemia of the extraocular muscles and claudication of the jaw, are other possible symptoms. In some cases ischaemia of the tongue and scalp may arise. Diagnostic criteria of the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) are defined and include the following (positive if at least three are present): 1.
The cortex shows moderate hyperintensity (f) due to hemorrhagic transformation. Severe irregular cortical, subcortical, and even meningeal contrast enhancement (g). Alternating areas of vessel constriction and dilation of the anterior and middle cerebral artery, exhibiting ‘‘sausagestring’’ appearance (h, i, arrows: microaneurysms) Cerebral Vasculitis 33 Fig. 12 Spirochetal vasculitis (Borrelia burgdorferi). A 20year-old woman with erythema migrans, bilateral headaches, and recurring cramps in the right hand.