By Gabor Takacs
Perfect for removal quite a lot of drinks from wells, electric Submersible Pumps (ESP) are possibly the main flexible and ecocnomic items of apparatus in a petrol company's arsenal. besides the fact that, if now not competently maintained and operated, they can speedy develop into a pricey nightmare. the 1st publication dedicated to the layout, operation, upkeep, and care, electric Submersible Pumps handbook provides the instruments and appropriate wisdom had to optimize ESP functionality whereas maximizing of run lifestyles and the optimization of construction. The prefect spouse for brand new engineers who have to advance and observe their talents extra successfully or skilled engineers who want additional strengthen their wisdom of most sensible perform ideas, this handbook covers simple electric engineering, hydraulics and structures research earlier than addressing pump parts reminiscent of centrifugal pumps, automobiles, seals, separators, and cables. additionally, the writer comprises entire sections on research and optimization, tracking and trouble-shooting, and set up layout and set up below distinctive stipulations. * practice the easiest working practices to optimise construction* music and troubleshoot difficulties equivalent to gasoline, solids and corrosion*Prevent pricey disasters equivalent to cable burn and impeller cavitation * layout and study a procedure utilizing up to date computing device courses* determine ESP research tracking tools and techniques* make sure optimal operator-vendor dating for mutual advantages
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Additional resources for Electrical Submersible Pumps Manual: Design, Operations, and Maintenance (Gulf Equipment Guides)
Sample text
15. Beggs, H. : Production Optimization Using Nodal Analysis. OGCI Publications, 1991. 16. , Szilas, A. P. and Sakharov, V. ” (in Hungarian) Koolaj es Foldgaz, May 1984, 129–36. 5 Miscellaneous Equipment References Electrical Submersible Pumps Manual # 2009 Elsevier Inc. 51 53 53 57 61 62 64 64 68 70 76 84 84 86 88 97 99 101 102 104 106 110 113 113 114 116 117 117 117 ISBN 978-1-85617-557-9 All rights reserved. 1 INTRODUCTION During its long history, the ESP system proved to be an efficient means of producing liquid from oil and water wells.
The length of individual ESP pumps is limited to about 20–25 ft, for ensuring proper assembly and ease of handling. Tandem pumps are made up of several pump sections (up to three) and are used to achieve higher operational heads usually required in deeper wells. This way several hundreds of stages can be run, the maximum number of stages being limited by one or more of the following factors: • the mechanical strength of the pump shaft, usually represented by the shaft’s horsepower rating, • the maximum burst-pressure rating of the pump housing, and • the maximum allowed axial load on the unit’s main thrust bearing (usually situated in the protector section).
Assuming no energy losses occur during the voltage transformation (practically true in real transformers), the input and output electric powers should be equated as Up Ip ¼ Us Is and the following formula is found for the relationship of currents: Is ¼ Ip Np Ns ð2:27Þ where: Is, Ip ¼ secondary and primary currents, amperes Ns, Np ¼ number of turns in the secondary and primary coils, –. Transformers can be used to increase (step up) or to decrease (step down) the primary voltage and are grouped accordingly, see Fig.