Dermatologic Clinics (Infectious Diseases, Volume 21, Number by Ted Rosen

By Ted Rosen

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Extra info for Dermatologic Clinics (Infectious Diseases, Volume 21, Number 2, April 2003)

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Colonies might commonly be blue, green, tan, white, or black, and they are usually deeply powdery from massive conidial formation. 263 Onychocola canadensis Onychocola canadensis is an uncommon organism whose natural habitat is unknown [13,47]. This organism has been identified in Canada, New Zealand, and (more recently) in France and Britain [48,49]. Sigler et al [50] first described this nondermatophyte in three cases of chronic infection of the great toenail. O. canadensis frequently affects individuals who are gardeners or farmers, which Table 4 Treatment of Aspergillus onychomycosis Reference Study type No.

Total dystrophic onychomycosis (TDO) results when any of the above clinical patterns progresses to involve the entire nail plate [10]. Endonyx onychomycosis has only been described recently in the literature [10,11]. DLSO is the most common pattern of infection. Dermatophytes, in particular T. rubrum, are the most frequently encountered causal agents. Non-dermatophyte molds such as Scytalidium dimidiatum can produce this clinical pattern of disease, but in these cases DLSO is often associated with onycholysis and (possibly) with paronychia in fingernails [12].

The hyphae in S. hyalinum infections are hyaline [13,35]. Scopulariopsis species grow rapidly and produce conidial structures within 7 days on Sabouraud dextrose agar at room temperature [13]. Initially, the colony surface is white, velvety, and rugose, but it soon becomes light tan or brown in S. brevicaulis and closely related species and dark gray in ‘‘black Scopulariopsis’’ species such as S. brumptii [13,24]. In direct examination in potassium hydroxide (KOH) mounts of scrapings or clippings, the hyphae are colorless or, rarely, light brown, branched, septate, and variable in width, with some elongated cells [32,33].

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