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Finally we go on to define Smarandache n-like ring. 65: Let R be a ring, we say R is a Smarandache n-like ring (S-n-like ring) if R has a proper S-subring A of R such (xy)n – xyn –xny – xy = 0 for all x, y ∈ R. This is an identity which is of a special type and hence several interesting results can be determined; the notion of Smarandache power joined and (m, n) power joined are introduced. 66: Let R be a ring. If for every a ∈ A ⊂ R where A is a S-subring there exists b ∈ A such that an = bn for some positive integer m and n then we say R is a Smarandache power joined ring (S-power joined ring).

We say W is a Smarandache normal subring (S-normal subring) if aV = X and Va = Y for all a ∈ R, where both X and Y are S-subrings of R (Here V is a S-subring of R). Almost all relations would follow in a very natural way with simple modifications. 5 Semirings, S-semirings and S-semivector spaces This section is devoted to the introduction of semirings, Smarandache semirings and Smarandache semivector spaces. As the study of bisemirings or bisemivector spaces is very new only being introduced in this book.

V. vi. vii. viii. (DL, +, 0) is a loop under ‘+’. di mi dj mj = di dj mi mj where we assume mi mj ∈ DL as an element and didj , di, dj, dk, dk di ∈ D. mj). mk) where just the elements mi mj mk are juxtaposed and mi, mj, mk, ∈ L. We assume only finite sequence of elements of the form m1 m2 …mk ∈ DL. mi mj = mj mi for all mi mj ∈ L. m1 m2 …mk = m'1 m'2 …m'k ⇔ mi = m'i for i =1, 2, 3, …, k. Since the loop L under ‘+’ and D is also a loop under ‘+’; DL inherits the operation of '+' and '0' serves as the additive identity of the loop DL.