By World Bank
Land is the integrating element of all livelihoods counting on farm, woodland, rangeland, or water (rivers, lakes, coastal marine) habitats. as a result of various political, social, and monetary elements, the heavy use of usual assets to provide a quickly growing to be worldwide inhabitants and financial system has led to the unintentional mismanagement and degradation of land and ecosystems. 'Sustainable Land administration' offers strategic concentration to the implementation of sustainable land administration (SLM) parts of the realm Bank's improvement options. SLM is a knowledge-based method that integrates land, water, biodiversity, and environmental administration to fulfill emerging nutrients and fiber calls for whereas maintaining livelihoods and the surroundings. This booklet, aimed toward coverage makers, venture managers, and improvement association, articulates priorities for funding in SLM and ordinary source administration and identifies the coverage, institutional, and incentive reform ideas that would speed up the adoption of SLM productiveness advancements and pro-poor development.
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Extra info for Sustainable Land Management: Challenges, Opportunities, and Trade-Offs (Agriculture and Rural Development)
Sample text
Gabre-Madhin and Haggblade (2004) identified major commodity-specific successes, such as breakthroughs in maize breeding across Africa, sustained gains in cassava breeding and control of major pests and plant diseases, successful control of the rinderpest livestock disease, booming horticultural and flower exports in East and Southern Africa, and increased cotton production and exports in West Africa. Improved land management led to higher crop yields, often derived from improved fallow management, rotations with leguminous food and cover crop species, the targeted use of rock phosphate to enhance biological, nitrogen fixation, conservation (minimum tillage) farming, and innovative livelihood diversification approaches involving agriculture and community-based wildlife management.
Reardon and Vosti’s (1995) typology of poverty is explicitly linked to the environment and the sustainable management of land and natural resources. These authors examine the asset portfolio of the rural poor in terms of ■ ■ ■ ■ Natural resources, such as water, ground cover, biodiversity of wild and domestic fauna and flora, and soil Human resources, such as education, health, nutrition, skills, and number of people On-farm resources, such as livestock, farmland, pastures, reservoirs, buildings, equipment, and financial resources Off-farm resources, including local off-farm physical and financial capital INCIDENCE AND EFFECTS OF LAND DEGRADATION 11 ■ ■ Community-owned resources, such as roads, dams, and commons Social and political capital Where markets are absent, underdeveloped, or constrained, asset-specific poverty can influence livelihood activities and investment decisions.
Scholes (1996) suggests that the increasing demand for food may result in unsustainable clearing of the miombo. Given some of the similarities in the biophysical factors of the Miombo zone in southern Africa to the Cerrado zone in Brazil, agricultural intensification there is also likely to be an increasing focus on some parts of the miombo for intensification of cereal cropping. The positive and negative lessons of agricultural expansion in the cerrado, coupled with state-of-the-art remote sensing and resource monitoring and evaluation tools, can help the targeted development of intensive grain cropping systems on already cleared farmland in the miombo and prevent most of the problems of resource degradation that occurred in the early days of agronomic intensification in the cerrado.