By Manuel Monleon Pradas, Maria J. Vicent
"With an interdisciplinary checklist of matters and individuals, Polymers in Regenerative drugs covers the huge diversity of scientific purposes for polymers, together with scaffolds, self assembling fabrics, and sorts of polymeric nanomedicines. The pro authors handle basics, theories, instruments, innovations, sorts of polymeric structures and biomaterials and look at such scorching issues as nanoconjugates, �Read more...
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Extra info for Polymers in regenerative medicine : biomedical applications from nano- to macro-structures
Example text
In Ref. 3a). In Ref. [94], cells were cultivated on braids made from PLA microfibrils, in a multicomponent construct intended as a regenerative tendon prosthesis (see Fig. 3b). Apart from polyesters, silk is another filamentous material being promisingly studied as scaffold, due to its extraordinary mechanical strength and its biocompatibility [95–97]. 4 Electrospun Membranes The mats produced by electrospinning mimic to some extent some features of the ECM fibrous components closer than conventional scaffolds.
If, under specific in vivo conditions, a polymer undergoes chemical reactions that decompose it into nontoxic products that can be completely removed or metabolized by the human body, the material is regarded as biodegradable. Specifically, when a biomaterial is implanted in the human body, an inflammatory response to the foreign body occurs. This process is the result of the action of different cell types such as leukocytes and macrophages. 1). Depending on the hydrophilicity of the material, these degradation processes advance in a front-like manner, from the outside to the interior of the material (in hydrophobic polymers) or take place more rapidly, in a more homogeneous way in the bulk of the material (in more hydrophilic polymers).
If degradation takes place following a hydrolytic route, the material will degrade when in contact with water. If its bulk chemistry is hydrophobic, the process will start at the material’s surface, and proceed gradually towards its interior. In this case, degradation erodes progressively thicker outer shells of the piece, but an inner nucleus remains unaffected for a time, which can preserve some of the mechanical properties of the piece. By contrast, in the case of hydrophilic chemistries bulk swelling occurs, which allows the onset of hydrolysis at all points of the piece from the start.