Historical Dictionary of Tibet (Historical Dictionaries of by John Powers, David Templeman

By John Powers, David Templeman

Tibet is a land bounded by means of the world’s maximum mountains, and it's the repository of an old tradition. for hundreds of years it used to be seen through Europeans as a distant, mystical position populated by means of Buddhist masters with supernatural powers and profound knowledge. not like this picture, it used to be a warlike state whose expansionist rulers conquered an unlimited empire that included a lot of significant Asia and elements of China. Even now the Tibetan Plateau is still a scene of contestation, either ideologically and militarily. significant well known uprisings in 1959, 1988, and 2008 have drawn the eye of the world’s media, and its non secular academics frequently allure huge crowds once they shuttle abroad. the location within the kingdom continues to be hugely unstable this day, because the 2008 uprising—the biggest and such a lot common within the background of the region—attests.

The historic Dictionary of Tibet is the main accomplished dictionary released thus far on Tibetan background. It covers the historical past of Tibet from 27,000 BCE to the current via a chronology, an introductory essay, an intensive bibliography, and over 1,000 cross-referenced dictionary entries on vital personalities, politics, economic climate, international kin, faith, tradition, anthropology, and sociology. This booklet is a wonderful entry aspect for college kids, researchers, and somebody desirous to be aware of extra approximately Tibet.

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Srong btsan abdicated in favor of his son, but Gung srong died in 646, following which Srong btsan again took power. He then married Wencheng, but they had no children, and with her husband’s passing her influence in the Tibetan court apparently came to an end. Following his return to the throne, Srong btsan’s armies continued their conquests. The kingdom of Nepal (a small state that controlled the Kathmandu Valley) became a vassal, and a military party penetrated the Indian subcontinent as far south as Tirhut in modern Bihār state.

Large areas of this region are sparsely populated and barren, but lush grasslands support animal husbandry on the high plains. A pass referred to in Chinese as “Sun and Moon Mountain” (日月山, Riyue Shan) separates traditional Tibetan lands from Chinese populations. In the seventh century, a Chinese princess named Wencheng Gongzhu (Ch. 文成公主; Tib. rGya mo bza’ Un shing kong jo; d. 680) crossed this pass into Tibet and married Khri Srong btsan sgam po (ca. 605–650), an event that was commemorated by the construction of two temples, referred to as the “Temples of the Sun and Moon,” which still stand today.

4 This is an obvious attempt to exclude the Chinese, whose main staple is rice. In the early years after the invasion, Chinese officials ordered that fields of barley be shifted to wheat and rice cultivation, which resulted in massive crop failures. Rice is best suited to lower elevations with abundant water and long, warm growing seasons; it fares poorly in the arid, rocky climate of the Tibetan Plateau. rTsam pa remains the staple of the diet of Tibetans living on the high plains and the alluvial valleys of the central regions, as well as the nomads of the northern reaches and inhabitants of the eastern grasslands, but in lower elevations there is significant diversity in food products, particularly since the PRC government expanded irrigation and introduced modern farming techniques.

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