Engineering Turbulence Modelling and Experiments 6: ERCOFTAC by Wolfgang Rodi

By Wolfgang Rodi

Complaints of the realm well known ERCOFTAC (International Symposium on Engineering Turbulence Modelling and Measurements).The complaints contain papers facing the subsequent components of turbulence:?·Eddy-viscosity and second-order RANS versions ?·Direct and large-eddy simulations and deductions for traditional modelling ?·Measurement and visualization suggestions, experimental reviews ?·Turbulence keep watch over ?·Transition and results of curvature, rotation and buoyancy on turbulence ?·Aero-acoustics ?·Heat and mass move and chemically reacting flows ?·Compressible flows, surprise phenomena ?·Two-phase flows ?·Applications in aerospace engineering, turbomachinery and reciprocating engines, business aerodynamics and wind engineering, and chosen chemical engineering difficulties Turbulence continues to be one of many key concerns in tackling engineering move difficulties. those difficulties are solved a growing number of by way of CFD research, the reliability of which relies strongly at the functionality of the turbulence types hired. winning simulation of turbulence calls for the certainty of the complicated actual phenomena concerned and appropriate types for describing the turbulent momentum, warmth and mass move. For the certainty of turbulence phenomena, experiments are critical, yet they're both very important for supplying information for the improvement and trying out of turbulence versions and for that reason for CFD software program validation. As in different fields of technological know-how, within the speedily constructing self-discipline of turbulence, quick growth may be completed basically by way of maintaining so far with fresh advances worldwide and by means of changing rules with colleagues energetic in comparable fields.

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The flow downstream of the bend is characterized by strong turbulence non-equilibrium but otherwise low levels of turbulence intensity (Iacovides and Raisee, 1999). This situation poses a challenge to linear eddy viscosity models, and it is likely that only a Reynolds-stress model would provide better predictions in this area. On the other hand, the flow in the region approaching the bend is dominated by two strong streamwise vortices (generated by the presence of the oblique fibs) and very high levels of turbulence.

In particular, the equilibrium stress balance model yields the logarithmic law of the wall for rl+ >> 1 and a linear profile for rl+ ~ I. This implies that if the first external node is within a small multiple of 6 + (the Reynolds number is small or if the flow has locally a reduced turbulence level) the model automatically returns a linear velocity profile which is the same as if the model were absent. If instead the first external node is at tens or hundreds of wall units the model returns a logarithmic velocity profile.

0 0'~. 0 Figure 8: Streamwise velocity profiles in the wake. , (2001); . . LES at Re = 20000; 9LES at Re = 100000. 77H in the streamwise, vertical and spanwise direction respectively, being H the height of the body. The experimental Reynolds number based on the free-stream velocity and the model height is Re = 170000. Preliminary simulations were carried out assuming that the main features of the flow and the corresponding trends in the flow dynamics at the back of the body were independent of Reynolds number if this was sufficiently high.

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