Algebraic Geometry over the Complex Numbers by Donu Arapura

By Donu Arapura

This is a comparatively fast moving graduate point creation to advanced algebraic geometry, from the fundamentals to the frontier of the topic. It covers sheaf idea, cohomology, a few Hodge conception, in addition to many of the extra algebraic elements of algebraic geometry. the writer often refers the reader if the remedy of a definite subject is quickly on hand somewhere else yet is going into enormous element on themes for which his therapy places a twist or a extra obvious standpoint. His circumstances of exploration and are selected very conscientiously and intentionally. The textbook achieves its objective of taking new scholars of advanced algebraic geometry via this a deep but vast creation to an unlimited topic, ultimately bringing them to the vanguard of the subject through a non-intimidating style.

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Example text

Nevertheless, the maximal ideals are finitely generated. 6. If R is the ring of germs at 0 of C∞ functions on Rn , then its maximal ideal m is generated by the coordinate functions x1 , . . , xn . Proof. See the exercises. 7. We will say that a local ring R with maximal ideal m and residue field k satisfies the tangent space conditions if 1. There is an inclusion k ⊂ R that gives a splitting of the natural map R → k. 2. The ideal m is finitely generated. For stalks of C∞ and complex manifolds and algebraic varieties over k, the residue fields are respectively R, C, and k.

Then any C∞ function f (x1 , . . , xm ) on B ∩ Rm extends trivially to a C∞ function on B and conversely. Thus (Y,CY∞ ) is locally diffeomorphic to a ball in Rm . With this lemma in hand, it is possible to produce many interesting examples of manifolds starting from Rn . For example, the unit sphere Sn−1 ⊂ Rn , which is the set of solutions to ∑ x2i = 1, is an (n − 1)-dimensional manifold. Further examples are given in the exercises. The following example, which was touched upon earlier, is of fundamental importance in algebraic geometry.

Since fi (a)/gi (a) = f j (a)/g j (a) for all a ∈ Ui ∩ U j , equality holds as elements of k(x1 , . . , xn ). Therefore, we can assume that fi = f j and gi = g j . Thus F ∈ OX (U). An affine algebraic variety is an irreducible subset of some Ank . We give X the topology induced from the Zariski topology of affine space. This is called the Zariski topology of X. Suppose that X ⊂ Ank is an algebraic variety. Given an open set 30 2 Manifolds and Varieties via Sheaves U ⊂ X, a function F : U → k is regular if it is locally extendible to a regular function on an open set of An as defined above, that is, if every point of U has an open neighborhood V ⊂ Ank with a regular function G : V → k for which F = G|V ∩U .

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